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전체 글182

Homomorphism and Ideal Thm 1Let $\phi : R \to R'$ be ring homomorphism. Then1.  $\phi(0) = 0$2.  $\forall a \in R$,  $\phi(-a) = -\phi(a)$3.  $S$ is subring of $R$  $\Rightarrow$  $\phi[S]$ is subring of $R'$4.  $S'$ is subring of $R'$  $\Rightarrow$  $\phi^{-1}[S]$ is subring of $R$5.  $\phi(1_{R}) = 1_{\phi[R]}$( In general, $\phi(1_{R}) \neq 1_{R'}$ )6.  $\ker \phi = \left\{0 \right\}$  $\Leftrightarrow$  $\phi$ is.. 2024. 11. 12.
Compact Theorem 2 Thm 1 Bolzano - Weierstrass TheoremLet $(X, \mathscr{T})$ be a compact space  and  $A$ be an infinite subset in $X$. Then $A$ has a limit point in $X$. 더보기  Suppose : $A$ don't have a limit point in $X$  So for each $x \in X$, there exists $U_{x} \in \mathscr{T}$ containing $x$  s.t.  $(U_{x} \setminus \left\{x \right\}) \cap A = \varnothing$  $\therefore$  $\left\{U_{x} \; | \; x \in X \right\}.. 2024. 9. 23.
Compact Theorem 1 Thm 1Let $(X, \mathscr{T})$, $(Y, \mathscr{T}')$ be topological space  and  $A \subseteq X$.Let $f : X \to Y$ be continuous  and  $A$ be compact. Then$f(A)$ is compact 더보기  Let $\left\{U_{\alpha} \in \mathscr{T}' \; | \; \alpha \in I \right\}$ be open cover of $f(A)$. So  $f(A) \subseteq \displaystyle \bigcup_{\alpha \in I} U_{\alpha} $   Since $f$ is continuous,  $f^{-1}(U_{\alpha}) \in \mathsc.. 2024. 9. 16.
Interior, Boundary, and Exterior Def 1Let $(X, \mathscr{T})$ be a topological space  and  $A \subseteq X$.1.  $x$ is called interior point of $A$$\Leftrightarrow$  $\exists U \in \mathscr{T}$  s.t.  $x \in U \subseteq A$ 2.  The set of all interior point of $A$ is called interior of $A$.We write $A^{\circ}$  or  $\mathrm{Int}(A)$ 3.  $x \in X$ is called boundary point of $A$$\Leftrightarrow$  $x \in \overline{A} \cap \overline{.. 2024. 9. 15.